Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Environmental Change - Essay Example By the records, before the appearance of the mechanical insurgency, the degrees of carbon dioxide were path lower than they are today (NASA, 2013). Before the finish of 2010, the degrees of carbon dioxide remained at 389 sections for each million when contrasted with 280 sections for every million preceding the modern upheaval (Doyle, 2013). Records dating to as right on time as 1500 assign that there has been a consistent increment in temperatures as Metz notes (Metz, 2010). Examination did by UK and U.S based natural exploration and logical establishments show that since the late 1900’s, worldwide normal temperature has expanded by 0.8 degrees (Hayward, 2014). This pace of increment may seem piddling however as per researchers, it is probably the most grounded marker of the fast climatic changes occurring on earth (Balonnof, 2013). Also, researchers exhort that if climatic change isn't desperately tended to, by 2050, the paces of temperature increment ought to be required to be somewhere in the range of 2.6 and 4.5 degrees (VOA, 2014). Another basic measurement from researchers is the verity that there is an over 40% expansion in the paces of carbon dioxide and alarmingly, half of this has happened after the 1970’s (Braasch, 2013). 98% of researchers on the whole concur that 98% of the climatic change (with much accentuation on a worldwide temperature alteration) is brought about by human exercises (Gleb, 2013). How much is the climatic change man-made? A few people have contended that climatic change ought not be attributed to human exercises.

Marketing Mix Finagle a Bagel Essay Example

Showcasing Mix Finagle a Bagel Essay Example Showcasing Mix Finagle a Bagel Paper Showcasing Mix Finagle a Bagel Paper Items Variable: Finagle a Bagel doesn't just sell plain Bagels however they likewise have 14 assortments of falcon sandwiches, and plates of mixed greens that are totally connected to their center idea. The fixings used to make these menus are common concoction free fixings. Finagle a Bagel takes a stab at uniqueness; they study their objective market and decide through casual review and rivalry inquire about what their client need. Dissimilar to other contender the firm doesn't have confidence in duplicating or Implementing what Is stylish, the firm puts stock In Innovative yet engaging Ideas. A blend of Good, Service. ND Ideas are the components used to guarantee that the firm presents new items that are exceptional as well as fruitful. Items are arranged new and dependent on every client inclination. Estimating Variable: Finagle a Bagel has an arrangement that expresses that paying little heed to the cost they would not bargain the nature of their items. They keep up a similar exp ense for their item paying little heed to the store areas since they comprehend that clients need to be dealt with reasonably despite where they live. The firm investigations the most ideal fixings, the expense of the equivalent before they use them for their plans. Rivalry value investigation Is likewise a deciding variable for the Finagle a Bagel. Client studies otherwise known as spot before propelling another item to decide the normal value that clients are happy to pay for the equivalent. A regular Finagler Card Is another component that the firm has Implemented with progress. Cardholders get one point for each dollar spent at the store. The focuses can be recovered for espresso, juice, sandwiches, or twelve of bagels. Dissemination Variable: Finagle a Bagel has 17 retail locations in the metro and rural zones of Boston. City stores are about speed while keeping up very good quality client relations. Rural stores are increasingly about help and are more clients arranged. Right now the association has 1 wholesales circulation store. The firm has an exceptional relationship with Shaw Supermarkets which Is connected to 200 different stores. This factor makes Handle mainstream tout 350 respectable clients for each year. Handle Adages are In market coolers and in the shop territory. They likewise have every day new bagel merchants and retailing accomplices. The most great technique for circulation that the firm has is Bagels via Mail. Clients can put arranges on the organizations site. The previously mentioned exhibits that more than retail locations the organization has solid promise to making their items accessible at advantageous area for their clients. Having the item accessibility in the ideal amount to the same number of target advertise clients is the most significant factor of the appropriation variable. Advancement Variable: Finagle a Bagel has advancement and notice strategies with the purpose to drive in new clients and increment the consciousness of the firm in the market. These battles are forceful however yet they are unconstrained. The goal of the showcasing office is that the first run through purchasers have a critical encounter. 2. Recognize which powers from the showcasing condition sway Finagle a Bagel. The powers that sway any business are contenders, new contestants, substitutes, providers, and clients. The monetary powers may danger the systems that the firm has actualized. The downturn has influenced the extra cash and the optional pay that people have after the consumptions. The ability to spend is influenced by the monetary states of the purchaser. All things considered, Finagle a Bagel is the main bagel supplier in the zone in view of a big motivator for they. Buyers remain behind the brand paying little mind to the prudent powers that are influenced. 3. Depict how the six powers in the showcasing condition sway the way Finagle A Bagel works. As all organizations Finagle a Bagel advertising unit needs to depend in natural filtering to have the option to adapt to the ecological powers. Natural checking is the procedure that incorporates looking out data that is inaccessible to a great many people and sifting through what is significant and what isn't. For the most part coming up next are factors that influence the earth powers and assist directors with creating serious knowledge. What are the contenders? What are the obstructions in the business? What are the substitutes that exist for their items? What is their degree of reliance on the providers? How reliant is the firm on amazing clients? Serious Forces: Competitive powers allude to the quantity of contenders that a firm has in the market. Finagle a Bagel not just contends with those organizations that make bagels, yet in addition with the ones that make plates of mixed greens and sandwiches. The firm has a training that causes them decide how clients respond to in vogue and hot practices that different business receive by leading casual overviews. They like the way that they are viewed as trailblazers rather than devotees. To keep up their upper hand Finagle utilizes new items, spotless and welcoming eateries, just as serious and client arranged staff. They ensure that their items are a sound alternative for the customer. So as to guarantee that they are bowing to the uniqueness that they take a stab at ordinarily they hold back to accumulate the right fixings to have the option to finish one of their developments. Financial Forces: Economic powers impact both the organization and the clients choice to purchase. Penn. As of now we are confronting downturn times where the Discretionary pay is lower and the purchasing power is influenced adversely. Finagle a Bagel has a strategy that regardless of where their eateries are found clients must have the option to pay the equivalent. They are focused on not letting the expense of items influence the quality that they represent. Political Forces: Political, lawful and administrative powers are interrelated. Establishments of Marketing) Elected selected government authorities are the ones dependable ordinarily for sanctioning enactments and lawful dynamic. Mostly their perspectives are an impression of their political perspective. Advertising choices and systems are influenced by the political powers. Commonly organizations want to look for legitimate guidance which will in general be expensive. This is the primary explanation that advertisers discover important taking part in direct exchanges with administrative work force or through firms that are recruited to fill in as an immediate agent of the organization, for instance specialist or lobbyist. This activity assists with decreasing administration and favor the organization with specific places that these may have. It is hazy to me if Finagle a Bagel is a receptive a proactive firm Legal and Regulatory Forces: These are the political, legitimate, and administrative powers of the showcasing condition and they are inherently between related. Administrative powers like for instance The Public Health and Safety Department which enables eatery proprietors to observe gauges that will ensure spotless and safe food and environs for its customers. The Public Health Commission guarantees that guidelines are met and those in infringement are authorized.

Free Essays on By Writing The Coquette

How Hannah Foster uses the Coquette to Identify Injustices Towards Women in Society in Support of a Woman’s Social Revolution Recorded as a hard copy, The Coquette, Hannah Foster urged ladies to combine in a transformation against society. Encourage accepted that, with the sexual orientation one-sided esteem framework inalienable in early American culture, no lady could openly seek after the existence that she wanted. Her book made individuals, especially ladies, mindful of this persecution that they had looked for such a large number of years. It enlightens the social and good cuffs that bound ladies, in order to create mindfulness with respect to how they were dealt with. Eliza Wharton is marked a tease due to the social and good attributes which she is known for: freedom, bashfulness, coquettishness, and so forth., and were includes intensely disapproved of by society. She enjoyed the joys, which an unmarried lady could appreciate, and was known for her decent behaviors. Right off the bat in the book, be that as it may, she is stood up to with a situation when she gets associated with two men of inverse ways of life and qualities. Under ordinary conditions, with her teasing character, she would have liked to not wed both of them, nonetheless, the general public which encompasses her, constrains her to conflict with her will and seek after what might be a troubled marriage. This, clearly, isn't what Eliza needed or expected to do with her life, in spite of the fact that her companions recommended something else. It is at that point, that Eliza starts to bargain her unrestrained choice for the weights which society puts on her, and Hannah Foster invest igates and scrutinizes the treatment of ladies, bringing up numerous things which aren't right with the general public that they lived in. The freedom, which Eliza had right off the bat in the book, was an incredible wellspring of solidarity for her. This, sadly, this was not a positive characteristic in ladies at that point, and it is a result of this that she doesn't get the help of others nor does she know h... Free Essays on By Writing The Coquette Free Essays on By Writing The Coquette How Hannah Foster uses the Coquette to Identify Injustices Towards Women in Society in Support of a Woman’s Social Revolution Recorded as a hard copy, The Coquette, Hannah Foster urged ladies to consolidate in an insurgency against society. Cultivate accepted that, with the sex one-sided esteem framework characteristic in early American culture, no lady could openly seek after the existence that she wanted. Her book made individuals, especially ladies, mindful of this persecution that they had looked for such a large number of years. It lights up the social and good binds that bound ladies, in order to create mindfulness with respect to how they were dealt with. Eliza Wharton is marked a tease as a result of the social and good attributes which she is known for: autonomy, demureness, coquettishness, and so on., and were includes intensely disapproved of by society. She enjoyed the delights, which an unmarried lady could appreciate, and was known for her basic manners. From the get-go in the book, in any case, she is stood up to with a situation when she gets associated with two men of inverse ways of life and qualities. Under typical conditions, with her flirtatious character, she would have wanted to not wed both of them, notwithstanding, the general public which encompasses her, drives her to conflict with her will and seek after what might be a troubled marriage. This, clearly, isn't what Eliza needed or expected to do with her life, in spite of the fact that her companions recommended something else. It is at that point, that Eliza starts to bargain her unrestrained choice for the weights which society puts on her, and Hannah Foster inve stigates and censures the treatment of ladies, calling attention to numerous things which aren't right with the general public that they lived in. The autonomy, which Eliza had right off the bat in the book, was an extraordinary wellspring of solidarity for her. This, shockingly, this was not a good characteristic in ladies at that point, and it is a direct result of this that she doesn't get the help of others nor does she know h...

Foreign Direct Investment Relationship With Malaysian Economic Growth - Free Essay Example

Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION This study will give us an opportunity to identify the determinants of FDI that develops economic growth, to understand the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) in enhancing the economic growth in Malaysia, and also the relationship between (FDI) and the economic growth in Malaysia. In this chapter of study, the main focus will be on research background, research objectives, research questions and also the significant of study. Research Background 1.1.1 The Trend of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Flow in Malaysia The relationship between the growths of FDI with countries has been a debatable issue for several decades. This has become an eye opener which agreed by (Karimi, Sharift and Yusop, 2009, p.2) which drive policymakers to engage in incentives such as export processing zone and tax incentive in order to attract FDI. However, the determinant of FDI in each country is different and failure to understand how a specific country can attract FDI will bring difficulties to changes in economy. In the case of Malaysia, in 2007 the economy was ranked at 29th largest economy in the world with gross domestic products that worth to be $357.9billion (World Bank, 2007). Despite the impact of many externalities such as, oil crises in 1970s, to downturn in electronic industry in 1980s, and majorly impact the Asian financial crisis in 1997s. According to (Ministry of Finance, 2006) the growth of economy in Malaysia was consistent from 1988 to 1996 and maintain the economic annual growth of 7-10% per annu m, by the year 2005 the main source of growth was the manufacturing sector whose share of GDP increase to 31.4 percent. The key driver for the ongoing performance of Malaysiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy is the result of policy reform which is a determinant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) which enhances the economic growth of Malaysia. The evidence here can be seen by (Ministry of Finance, 2001) introducing the Investment Incentives Act 1968, free trade zones in early 1970s, and export incentives with open policy in 1980s has led to an establishment of FDI in the 1980s. One good example to show that the government has use policy as a determinant of FDI would be, The Promotion of Investment Act (PIA) 1986 which gave a larger percentage of foreign equity ownership in order to attract FDI to enhance economy of Malaysia. Figure 1: FDI inflow into Malaysia, (in million dollars) 1970-2004 This graph illustrates the FDI inflow from 1970-2004 in Malaysia. This research shown that (Har, Teo and Yee, 2008, p.12) FDI stock in Malaysia grew tremendously from 1970s to 1990s, despite fluctuation between the years, and the growth of FDI has been promising from $94 million dollars in 1970s to $2.6 billion by 1990s. Unfortunately, in the early 1990s, the rate of FDI inflow has decrease because of the slowdown investment in Malaysia by two main sources of investors which is Japan and Taiwan. As of 1996, the FDI rate (Har, Teo and Yee, 2008, p.12) has reach its peak when Malaysia successfully accumulated $7.3 billion dollar, by the end of 1998. There has been a major reduction in FDI inflow due to the financial crisis in 1997 that affected many Southeast Asia countries. Unfortunately, by the early 2000s the inflow of FDI in Malaysia has been unpredictable and inconsistent, but still manages to generate average inflow of $3billion per year. In 2007, Malaysiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s inward (FDI) performance index has reduce compared to the inward (FDI) potential index which shows that Malaysia lack the capability to attract foreign investors in this recent years as seen in table1, and the key factors is because neighboring countries such as China, and India has much more attractive offers such as lower labor cost that make their business more efficient. Since the inflow FDI has been decreasing, Malaysia was ranked 71 in 2007. Table 1: Malaysia rankings by inwards FDI Performance Index, Inward FDI Potential Index (2005-2007) The table above explains that inward FDI inflow in Malaysia were only US $ 8,043 million and it was only 2.6% of total inflow of FDI to Asia and by that time China has possesses the share of as much as 26.05%.(World Investment Report, 2008) The conclusion can be made here is that Malaysiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reduction inflow of FDI is mainly because their incentive are becoming less competitive compared to other countries in Asia. Problem Statement FDI is strongly recommended to achieve consistent economic growth and resulting in modernisation in industrialisation and raise the living standards of the society. There are many determinants regarding FDI and based incentive policy is one of them. Research shows that (Lam and Liew, 2009, p.435) 2 main assumption of this incentive are that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“high monetary incentive allows FDI to be attracted easierà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“high inflow of FDI might lead to higher economic growthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Unfortunately, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“incentiveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? is not necessary monetary-based like tax exemption but can be a long term relationship that seeks for mutual benefits of both sides. The evidence can be seen that the total inflow of FDI into the region of South East Asia, East Asia and South Asia has increased by 15% to USD 165million in 2005 but for Malaysia despite the fact that many monetary based incentives is provided, Malaysia still experiencing a decrease in foreign direct investment. (Tomlinson, Abdullah, Kolesnikov and Jessop, 2006) In 1990, Malaysia was ranked 4th in the world for FDI, but was ranked 62th in 2005 and recorded negative inflow of net foreign direct investment in the year 2007 More attention should be given by government, researchers and policy makers to identify the problem and produce the solution that can stimulate the FDI in Malaysia. Much research has been done to stimulate FDI, but a lot lesser research has been carried out considering international relations because mostly focus on microeconomic aspect of domestic firm performance. It is very important for foreign investors to gain confidence to invest in Malaysia, hence enhance the economic growth in Malaysia. More research should be done to determinant other determinants of FDI in order to develop the performance of economy in Malaysia. It is very important for more research to be done on FDI with international relation in order to identify the determinants of FDI that can stimulate the economic growth of Malaysia and not on incentive that only focuses on profit maximization of one sided benefits. Research Objectives The objective of carrying out this study is as below To review the determinants of FDI that is affecting economic growth in Malaysia To analyze the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Malaysia. To evaluate some policy actions related to increase the inflow of FDI in Malaysia. Research Questions This study is conducted to address the following research questions: Do the determinants of FDI inflow affect the economic growth in Malaysia? Will relationship with FDI result in bloom of economic growth in Malaysia? How policy actions can increase the inflow of FDI in Malaysia? Chapter 2 : LITERATURE REVIEW 2.0 Introduction In this section, a review of literature will provide us with a better understanding of the determinant of FDI and the growth of economic in Malaysia. This chapter focuses on the empirical studies on the role of FDI in the economic growth of host countries. Furthermore, a conceptual framework of these variables will be provided. 2.1 Review of Literature 2.1.1 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has associate with many leading roles in development of host countries such as source of capital, new job opportunities, diffusion of new technology into country, and develop overall economic growth of host countries. Empirical studies have been carried out to show the relationship between FDI and economic growth while others focuses more on the causality of these two variables. Different methods are use by research to find out the determinants of FDI and the relationship it has with economic growth of host countries. By using cross-section data and OLS regression, Balasubramanyam (1996) found out that host countries that impose export promoting strategy produce positive growth of FDI on the economic growth but this does not apply to host countries as imposes import substitution strategy. Cross-sectional data has also conclude that high level of institutional capability which measured by degree of property right protection and bureaucratic efficiency in host country leads to a positive effect of FDI which enhances the economic growth of host countries. (Olofsdotter, 1998) In the work of Borensztein, et al. (1998), they utilize the cross country regression framework to analyse the effect of FDI on economic growth. They use the FDI flows data from industrial countries to 69 developing countries for the past two decades. Their research provided essential information that shown FDI plays an important role in diffusing new technology in host countries, and relatively boost overall economic growth rather than domestic investment. According to another research on (Borensztein et, al.1998) developing economies which focuses on the diffusion process of technology and economic growth, they found out that the positive impact of FDI on economic growth is highly dependent on the availability of human capital in the specific host country. De Mello (1999) uses both time series and panel data fixed effects for a sample of 32 developed and developing countries to study the relationship of FDI and economic growth. However, he only found out little result showing positi ve effect of FDI that affects the economic growth of host country. There are also other research that focuses on the causality between FDI and economic growth. Zhang (2001) and Choe (2003) use co integration and Granger causality test for a sample of 11 developing countries in East Asia and Latin America. Zhang (2001) found out that 5 cases that shows enhancement of economic growth but the condition of host country is important, so factors such as macro stability and trade regime must be attractive to attract FDI in host countries. Through the research of Choe (2003), the finding of casuality between FDI and economic growth shows that FDI is dependent on the economic growth of host country and not the other way around. Little evidence was shown that FDI enhance the growth of economy, but mainly supports that rapid economic growth enhances the FDI inflow into the country. Chowdhury and Mavrotas (2003) use innovative econometric methodology to identify the causality of FDI and economic growth. The research was done using time series data from 1969 to 2000 for three developing countries that are Malaysia, Chile and Thailand. Each country involve with different background of determinants of FDI such as macroeconomic episodes, growth patterns, and policy regimes. Their study found out that GDP was the cause of growth of FDI in Chile, but it does not go the same with Malaysia and Thailand which has strong evidence of bi-directional causality of these two variables. In the case of Frimpong and Abayie (2006), In the research (Bengoa and Sanchez-Robles, 2003) by using panel data to study Latin America between the relationship of FDI and economic growth, they found out there is a positive impact of FDI that lead to increase in economic growth but the research is similar to Borensztein, et.al, (1998) that says economic development depend on the countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s stability condition. Finally, Duasa (2007) which focus on the causality between FDI and output of economic growth in Malaysia and the study found no evidence of relationship between FDI and economic growth. These has indicate that in the case of Malaysia, FDI does not cause economic growth but FDI contributes to stability of growth as growth contributes to stability of FDI. In order to understand the determinants of FDI more accurately, we can see through research done by Vernon (1966) by using product cycle hypothesis which relates to trade theory by Hufbauer (1966). The theory is about the relationship between investment theory and trade theory by using products as they are export or invested. They found out that competition prices in host countries drives foreign investors to seek cost advantages especially labour cost. This shows that innovation of countries to attract FDI is important to improve economic growth. 2.1.2 Economic growth in Malaysia Export growth can be considered as the most researched determinant factor of (FDI) in economic growth. According to Chow (1987, p.124), à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“the export growth of development countries can be identified through the impact of increase in countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s income, non-export production of goods, resource allocation, and capital efficiency, ability in handling external shocks, negative external effects and also total productivity factor.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? Therefore, research has shown export strategy has been an effective factor in enhancing the economic growth of developing countries. Furthermore, these countries have also testified that export promotion is an effective development strategy (Jung and Marshall, 1985). However, export strategy is not the main determinant factor of FDI that promotes economic growth. According to Ahmand and Harnhirun (1996) research, by using time data series from 1966 until 1988 to determine whether export is the main (FDI) factor that affects countries economic growth on industrial countries like Malaysia, Philipines, Singapore and Thailand, they found out that economic growth and export is dependent on development of countryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s policy, and also economic development causes export growth not the other way around. In order to (Alfano et.al, 2004) identify the relationship between FDI, financial market, economic growth and also to find out whether countries with better financial systems are able to exploit FDI effectively. An empirical analysis was done by using cross country data from 1975 to 1995 which concluded that FDI played a leading role in contributing to economic growth in 71 countries which means countries with good financial market are able to take advantage of opportunity offered by FDI. Li and Liu (2005) studied whether FDI affect economic growth by using single and simultaneous system of equation techniques to test these two variables. Their research found a significant relationship between FDI and economic growth which identified, Human capital has indirect interaction with FDI that leads to positive impact on economic growth in developing countries, whereas countries with insufficient technology knowledge will have significant negative impact on economic growth in developing countries Another study done by Hsiao and Hsiao (2006) using panel data and time series from 1986 to 2004 to identify Granger causality between GDP, export and FDI among China, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand found out that FDI has direct one way effect on GDP and indirect effect through export. There was also bilateral causal relationship between export and GDP. Lastly, study done by Baharumshah and Thanoon (2006) using quantitative assessment found out that FDI effects economic growth both long-term and short term in the host countries. Their research has also shown that countries that are able to attract inflow of FDI successfully can generate more investment which leads to faster overall development of economy, hence FDI is a major contributing factor in the economy of East Asian countries. Ang (2007) use annual time series data from 1960 to 2005 in order to find out the determinants of FDI in Malaysia found out that GDP growth had a significant positive impact on FDI inflow. 2.2 Theoretical Framework Foreign direct investment (FDI) Independent variable Dependent variable Technology advancement Economic growth in Malaysia Human Capital Policy development Social GDP 2.2.1 Analysis path This framework is to understand the research of the two variables in the case of my research proposal, foreign direct investment (FDI) is the independent variable and economic growth in Malaysia would be the dependent variable. The purpose of this research proposal is to understand the relationship of FDI and economic growth in Malaysia. In addition, Malaysia can implement different FDI contributing factor that can enhance economic growth in the country. The analysis here is about the determinants of FDI and it interests me in which Malaysia can implement and make FDI more attractive to be invested by foreign firms. In this analysis, the information accumulated should provide the key determinants of FDI at the same time enhance the development of economic growth in Malaysia. Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 3.0 Introduction This section describes the research methodology use in the study to access the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Malaysia. Simple ordinary least square (OLS) regression and the empirical analysis are done using annual data of FDI and economic growth in Malaysia over the 1970-2005 periods. The research was done using annual data from IMF international Financial Statistic tables, published by International Monetary Fund to find out the relationship between FDI and economic growth in Malaysia. 3.1 Data 3.1.1 Data Resources According to Romano (2004), primary data can be define as data that is collected specially for the purpose of answering research question, while secondary data can be define as existing data collected in order to answer different research project. Secondary data was chosen for this research because it is less expensive compared to primary data, and takes less time to collect data that is needed for research. (Romano, 2004) Secondary data has made information far easier to be obtain by interpreting information from primary data and published them through secondary resource such as newspaper, journals, books, internet, and also research reports. () The existence of secondary data happens when a project needs the collection of data that has already been research in order to further understand the research question on a new project That is why secondary data is essential in order for us because it provide us with the knowledge to form research design and also answering our research quest ions in a more in depth scale. 3.1.2 Data Analysis Procedure In order to complete this research proposal we have mainly use secondary resource such as journals, websites, books, and also research report. Secondary resource has provided us with the information needed at the same time save us time and cost. KBU International College has provided us with books that contain the information needed for us to make references for our research topic. Internet network has been a major contribution by using the Google Chromes search engine we are able to obtain various journals and reports from websites that allows us to make reference and understand our research objectives. Emerald website in particular by using Anglia Ruskin University account has granted us the access to various journals that are easy to obtain without any hassle. The usage of less text book is because the library has insufficient information needed to answer our research questions. 3.2 Hypothesis Null hypothesis H0: FDI is not important for transporting advance technology to enhance host country economic growth. Alternate hypothesis H1: FDI is important for transporting advance technology to enhance host country economic growth. Technology advancement is essential in developing economic growth because it produces skilled labor that will enhance productivity and satisfying demands from consumer. According to Easterly et al. (1995), technology transfer depends on the diffusion process and can take place in 4 forms which is transfer of new technologies and ideas, high technology imports, foreign technology adoption and also level of human capital. Diffusion process of technology into host countries can be different depending on the human capital and availability of technology in the country itself. Example, study made by Borensztein (1998) on developing economies concluded that FDI has positive economy growth but the effect of magnitude depends on the availability of human capital in the host country. This clearly shows that advance technology is very important to enhance economic growth at different level of diffusion growth. Null hypothesis H0: Economic stability is not important to attract FDI into the country Alternate hypothesis H2: Economic stability is important to attract FDI into the country Many countries should pay more attention to economic stability in order to attract FDI which can enhance economic growth. With a stable economy it portrays a positive image and good economic positioning, which in turn attracts foreign investors to invest and generate profit from the investment made in the foreign country as a guaranteed. Therefore, determinants of economic stability should be given attention, the determinants are such as exports, and government expenditure, domestic consumption, and exchange rate that should be manage well by government. According to the research done by Kogid,et.al,(2010) , the most important determinant of economic stability in Malaysia is export and consumption expenditure. Their study also found out that government expenditure and exchange rate are less effective on economic growth but it does not mean it should be ignored but these factors can be act as catalyst and complement factor of economic growth. Null hypothesis H0: Implication of policy does not promote economic growth. Alternate hypothesis H3: Implication of policy does promote economic growth Implication of policy reform is important to draw attention of foreign investment. Policies to promote growth have evidence but it does not work for other countries. This can be seen from the study made by Ahmad and Harnhirun (1996) which studied on new industrial countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philipines, Singapore and Thailand that found out export and economic growth dependent on development of policy. Therefore, government should impost relevant policies to attract FDI into Malaysia. Example, policies like joint venture which give opportunities to domestic producer to become one with foreign investors. This way will benefit local partner as they have exposure towards technology. 3.3Limitation Theoretical framework of FDI that is use to analyses the FDI determinants and economic growth in Malaysia could have been done more accurately with more secondary resources. Firstly, KBU International College provides insufficient books that have relation with this research topic. However, KBU does provide student with the account to access Emerald websites that contains many research journals and reports that is very convenient for our research topic. In addition, some determinants of FDI in the theoretical framework were not taken into consideration because there has been insufficient research done on some determinants of FDI that affects economic growth in Malaysia. As a result, this research is not entirely completed to reflect the full extent of FDI on Malaysiaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s economy growth. Since this research is mainly dependent on opinions of researcherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s around the world, this may lead to inaccuracy of research because they might disagree with research and opinions done by other authors around the world. 4.0 Ethical Consideration Before the research is done, respondents will be notified regarding the aim, benefits and purpose of the research is conducted and the method that is engage to carry out this research so that respondent will be able to understand the reason of caring out this research and the potential hazard level of this research. There are also no pressure of any kind shall be force for individual to become subject of research. In addition, respondents have the permission to withdraw or terminate from participating and becoming subject of the research. These are the ethical action taken so that there will be no violation of human rights. The identity of respondents from who involves in the survey is strictly confidential and shall be discarded once research is completed unless permission is granted by respondents for publish sake. No information of respondents will be revealed and included in the final report.

Essay on Abortion - 776 Words

THE MANY SIDES OF ABORTION nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The medical definition of abortion is, quot; the termination of a pregnancy by loss or destruction of the fetus before birth. It can be either spontaneous or induced, and the latter is an act with many legal and ethical ramifications.quot; Abortion is a very controversial subject and there are many different positions that one could take, none which are either all right or all wrong. Before any one makes a decision as to how they feel on the subject, one should look at the different sides to the issue. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;When talking about abortion, there are many different ethical questions involved. Ethics is what one uses to distinguish what is right from wrong,†¦show more content†¦I took a morality class my junior year of high school, and one day we watched a movie on abortion, and it had some really graphic pictures of aborted fetuses, and from the moment I saw that I totally changed my views on the subject. After much thought I decided that abortion would be the wrong choice for myself, and though I dont really agree with the principles of the subject, I dont have the right to say whether another should or should not have abortion. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The position that I hold on abortion, is not the same as everyone elses, there are many groups of people who hold different veiws on the subject, they are called the right to lifers. This group of people believe that life begins at the moment of conception, and by intentionally participating in an abortion, you are participating in the taking of a human life. The pro-life movement has been fighting for many years for the constitutional rights of the fetus, because they think that the fetus is an human and is as deserving of constitutional rights as anyone else. They have organized many demonstrations, such as picketing abortion clinics, which have, in a few cases resulted in the murders of people who work at these clinics. As a result of the pro-life movement, innocent people were killed, because they worked at an abortion clinic, it kind of seems like a double standard. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The opposition to those who are pro-life, areShow MoreRelatedAbortion : Abortion And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion Abortion is defined in several ways all of which stop a pregnancy. There are different ways of abortion, which are spontaneous abortion, surgical abortion, and medical abortion. Abortion has been arguable topic for decades. One can neither believe abortion to be good nor bad. The idea of individuality and human life is not quite the same. Idea of human life has come from conception; simultaneously on the other hand, fertilizer eggs used for in vitro fertilization are also human lives butRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesPaper: Abortion Laws The topic of abortion is a widely debated and very heated topic in Texas. The Republican party’s platform supports family values and are completely against abortion under any circumstances, including abortifacients. The Democrat party’s platform supports the rights for women to make choices about their own bodies. They support abortifacients and a person’s right to have an abortion. There is also a large percentage of those that are in the middle in that they believe abortion shouldRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion998 Words   |  4 PagesIn the United States there are more than a billion abortions performed each year. Since the court case Roe vs Wade in 1973 more than 56 million babies have been murdered in the United States before they had the chance to take their first breath (Snyder, Michael). These statics along with many more show the huge injustice that is happening in the country I call home. Abortion is defined as the removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy. It can include any of variousRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Anti Abortion1624 Words   |  7 Pagesa very large controversy between the ideas about abortion and anti-abortion. Different religious views, beliefs, peoples many different customs and even people of different cultures all have their own preferences and ideas on the take of this political issue. Views against abortion can lead to as much of an impact as a violent/non violent riots outside of an abortion clinics, to something as simple article in the newspaper. The belief on abortion that leads to a lot of the controversy is that inRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pages An abortion is when the pregnancy of a women is ended; it is called sometimes Termination of pregnancy. There are two types of abortion. The first type is the spontaneous abortion; it occurs within the first two months. What causes it is frequently unknown yet is probably the results of intra-uterine contamination, or limited attachment in the building unborn child to the interior coating walls in the womb (uterus). Such conditions this unborn child, if the idea advances further, mayRead MoreAbortion, The, And Abortion953 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates that is constantly talked about is abortion. When it comes to abortion, the laws vary depending on the state you live in. Whether people support or are against abortion, few actually know about the abortion process. Have you ever heard of suction aspiration or prostaglandin chemical abortion? Those are two of the various methods that are performed in the different trimesters of pregnancy. According to writer Steven Ertelt of Li feNews.com, Oklahoma’s abortion laws are restrictive compared to otherRead MoreAbortion : Abortion And Abortion1930 Words   |  8 PagesAbortion has been around for quite some time. Laws have been set allowing it and banning it during different periods of time. The procedures that can be done are all very different. There is a medical abortion involving drugs and there are surgical abortion involving a more invasive procedure. There are also different points of view on it. There are those who fully support the termination of a pregnancy and those who are completely against it. There are many factors to consider and very differentRead MoreAbortion And Abortion2038 Words   |  9 PagesMostly seen as a religious issue, abortions are anything but that. Biology and science are the only deciding factors when it comes down to it. Science is the only thing that can prove whether an unborn child is living; no religion can do that. Through modern science and technology, it has been proven and well documented that human life does in fact begin at conception. The scientific evidence also contradicted the court ruling in the Roe v. Wade case, where it was stated that the Court could notRead MoreAbortion : The Fight For Abortion1543 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough abortion was decriminalized in 1973, the fight for abortion rights did not end with Roe v. Wade. Just in the past three years, there have been systematic restrictions on abortion rights sweeping the country sate by state. In 2013, 22 states enacted 70 antiabortion measures, including pre-viability abortion bans, unnecessary doctor and clinic procedures, limits on medicated abortion, and bans on insurance coverage of abortion In 2011, 92 abortion restrictions were enacted, an in 2012, thatRead MoreAbortion : The Issue Of Abortion1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of abortion has been an ongoing debate for many years. According to ProChoice.org, abortion was legal in in the days of the early settlers . At the time that the constitution was adopted abortions were legal. Abortions were openly advertised and performed before the first fetal movement (13-16 weeks from the start of a women’s last period). The concern for abortion started in the late 1800’s when immigrants were coming into the country in large numbers and the fear was that they would produce

Developmental Psychology - 14082 Words

QUESTION 1: THEORISTS HAVE A CERTAIN POINT OF VIEW ON THE BASIC ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT. DETERMINE, DISCUSS AND EVALUATE THE POINT OF VIEW OF VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND THE INFORMATION PROCESSING APPROACH WITH REGARD TO THE ISSUES UNDERLYING CHILD DEVELOPMENT * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT (CONTINUOUS OR DISCONTINUOUS) * THE COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT: ONE OR MANY * FACTORS THAT DETERMINE DEVELOPMENT (NATURE/NURTURE) Introduction Child development has many theories with different ideas about what children are like and how they change. Children are beings who change physically, cognitively emotionally and socially. There are many different theories and they all take a stand on 3 basic issues: Is the course of†¦show more content†¦In order to be reliable observers must agree on what they see and this refers to inter-rater reliability. In the case of an interview, test or questionnaire, it must have the same results when given again in a short time. This is known as test-retest reliability. Validity refers to the accurate measurement of characteristics that the researcher sets out to measure. When setting up an investigation, researchers must maintain 2 types of validity: Internal validity and External validity. Internal validity is the degree to which conditions internal to the design of the study permit an accurate test of the researcher’s hypothesis or question. External validity refers to the degree to which researcher’s findings can be generalised to settings and participants outside of the original study. Research Methods 1. Systematic Observation The procedures used to collect systematic observations vary, depending on the research problem posed. Occasionally investigators choose to record the entire stream of behaviour. In these instances, a common approach is event sampling in which the observer records all instances of a particular behaviour during a specified time period. Another way to observe efficiently is time sampling. In this procedure, the researcher records whether certain behaviour occur during a sample of short intervals. Observations of theShow MoreRelatedDevelopmental Psychology3823 Words   |  16 PagesDevelopmental Psychology There are three main theories of development that I shall discuss in this assignment, Cognitive, the main theorist being, Piaget, (1896 - 1980), The, Psychosocial Theory, Erikson, (1902 - 1994), and, The Psychosexual, of, Freud, (1856 - 1939). Cognitive Psychology draws the comparison between the human mind and a computer, suggesting that we like the computer process the information we acquire from around us and then react accordingly. Hearnshaw, (1987)Read MoreDevelopmental Psychology : An Introduction2958 Words   |  12 PagesDevelopmental Psychology: An introduction Psychology is a field that is broken down into many subfields, each field distinctive in their nature. One of the most studied fields is developmental psychology. Before I explain the field in depth, it is important to understand what developmental psychology is, and how it came to be. Developmental psychology is mainly a scientific approach, which aims to explain how children and adults change overtime (Lerner, Lewin-Bizan, Warren, 2011). Most uniquelyRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology : Understanding The Developmental Process978 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopmental Psychology has widened my perspective and knowledge of the nature of development from humans’ infancy to adolescence and emerging adulthood. Although I have learned about biological, cognitive, and socioemotional processes and periods of development, I am especially interested in socioemotional development in infancy because it is the foundation for a child’s future development. That is to say, if children h ave a healthy socioemotional development from infancy, they will have a healthyRead MoreThe Developmental Psychology Of A Child983 Words   |  4 PagesThe developmental psychology of a child is one that is in many ways difficult and very special to understand. I would like to start by saying that a child’s development depends on many factors and circumstances. In finding if a child has a developmental problem or a psychological problem takes time and a delicate nature in finding the problem. The child that I am going to represent and defend on his or her actions, is a child that needs the proper representation of his or her age of developmentalRead MoreThe Theory Of Developmental Psychology1896 Words   |  8 PagesDevelopmental psychology is viewed as different types of approaches which aim to look at how people develop. 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Theories such as Bowlby s attachment theory can explain how a child s development can be altered by their attachment, thus leading to the ideology of the nature vs nurture debate, nature referring to the process of biological maturation while nurture is referring to the impact of the environment or surroundings, which involves the idea that a person learns through experiences. (McLeod

Growth and Development of Comfort Delgro †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Growth and Development of Comfort Delgro. Answer: The growth and development of an organization depends of constant training and development of the employees to suit the needs of the present market. The purpose of this report is to develop a training and development program Comfort Delgro so that they can compete with influx Uber and GrabCar (Hamari, Sjklint Ukkonen, 2016). The market survey shows The main reason of the shift of the consumers are easy availability, affordable pricing and flexible pricing. Based on the data available from the analysis, a training and development plan needs to be developed for upgrading its organizational structure. Analysis Comfort Delgro needs to change its business strategy in the market to compete with the upcoming cab companies like Uber and GrabCar (Lee, Wu Sun, 2013). The sharing economy has led to the growth of issues like reduced consumer base, competitive fares and excessive market competition (Wu Zhi, 2016). For implementing this change in the organization, they need to device training and development for the organizational employees as well as the drivers in the organization (Sung Choi, 2014).The ADDIE model is used in the training and development. ADDIE, which stands for the different stages to be employed in the Training and development of the employee. Analysis Phase is the first phase which analyses the requirement of the market based on which the organization needs to understand the market needs and the areas to focus on while implementing changes (Battou, Baz Mammass, 2017). Based on the previous research The analysis should focus on the areas of constraints to the training along with planning the training process. From the previous assignment, it is seen that Comfort Delgro needs to analyze and understand the areas it needs to develop to compete in the market and thereby device strategies for training of its employees. It needs to focus developing its technological infrastructure and train its employees to use them for maintaining the companys stronghold in the market (Elnaga Imran, 2013). The training program should focus on the training of the drivers and making the employees acquainted with the working process of the online cab running business. The training should enable employees to understand the needs of the consumers and provide better facilities. If the consumer is satisfied Comfort Delgro will maintain its stronghold in the Singapore cab market. Design and Development The designing phase is the process dealing with the learning objectives of the organization. In this phase, the organization chooses and devises measures to train its employees (Hodell, 2015). The designing phase takes into account the various information gathered during the analysis conducted for the organization. The training process is to be developed based on the SOLO Taxonomy (Biggs Collis 2014). In the development phase, the organization develops the required strategies and the plans needed for the training and development of the employees (Jones, 2014). The design and development of the training process will focus on the different on achieving the intended learning outcomes of training its employees through the processes of Gamification, Role-Play and Workplace learning. In the case of Gamification, Comfort Delgro has to train its employees in the real time scenarios taking measures to train the employees through real time simulation of the situations they will face with the technological upgrades (Economou, et al., 2016). The Role-play process will allow the trainees to show their reactions in the real time scenarios and their behavior while facing them. This will help in understanding the areas to be focused on during the individual training. The Workplace Learning focuses on on-the-job training process for the employees where they are told to perform in the real scenarios. In this case, the drivers and coordinators of Comfort Delgro will work in the real environment with a mentor helping them to perform in these environments. The training process will be tested ion the Solo taxonomy to evaluate the individual trainees prowess and modify the training process accordingly. This a very reliable training methodology for the transport industry as in the se methods the workers is operating in the real time environment. In such cases they can focus on the problems that may arise and develop possible solutions. The measurement of the training and learning plan is understood in five levels under SOLO Taxonomy. Pre-structural level is where the trainee has little or no knowledge of the topic, which means that the employees have the basic ideas of how the cab service should be operated online. Unistructural and Multistructural are where the trainee has minimal surface knowledge. Relational Level is reached when trainee has understood the topic and the all the subsequent level, which means the employee, has learnt to use the technology. Extended abstract level is reached when the trainee has understood the concepts and can use them in realtime situations, like a Comfort Delgro employee can operate the online service well and solve minor glitches. Implementation and Evaluation The stage in which the strategies planned and devised by the organization is put to use in the training and development of the employees of the organization (Levac, et al., 2015). The different plans and strategies developed ate enforced in the organization and the employees are trained to adjust to the new work culture of the organization. In the case of the Comfort Delgro the training cannot be implemented across the whole organization at once. It needs to phase in the new work environment and train the employees accordingly. The implementation of the training process will need a number of phases to be enforced across the whole organization and it needs to be done in such a way that the losses do not run to high during these phases. The evaluation phase of the ADDIE model stands for the evaluation of the model for its effective implementation and the feedback of the implementation of the model (West, et al., 2017). It is of two types, the formative evaluation which takes place thro ughout the evaluation proves and the subjective evaluation, which collects the consumers feedback on the effectiveness of the training process in the organization. The different stages of the implementation of the Model will include different stages of first introduce the structure and its operations through Gamification. In the second stage the trainees practice their learned strategies in the Role-play phase. In the third phase of work place learning the trainees are pushed to work in the real scenario initially with help so that they can understand the working of the organization. The setting of the organizational goals and their induction to the employees is equally important as the upgrading of the technologies. The upgrading of the technologies should help in the development of proper communication channels through which the employees can communicate with each other. Budgeting To put the training process into operations Comfort Delgro needs to device a budgeting structure for its training plan. The management also needs to be ready to face initial losses while training the employees. The training process will need a number of items to upgrade the services to provide it online. The various things needed will be upgrading of the infrastructure with modern technological devices and high speed net connections for quick operation. The app development team also needs to be employed for providing online services. The drivers have to be given new mobile phones and taught to use the application as the service provider. The other investments will include the advertising and marketing costs to inform the general population of the up gradation process in the organization inviting them to use the online services. Moreover, Comfort Delgro needs to develop a new pricing plan for the sharing cab and the normal cabs to compete with Uber and GrabCar. Conclusion Thus in the analysis the different phases are analyzed which has caused a shift in consumer base of Comfort Delgro. The different training and development program needs to be devised based on the ADDIE approach to understand their problems and regain its postion against Uber and GrabCar. The training and development program in Comfort Delgro focuses on devising strategies and upgrading itself to meet the demands of the modern consumers who want their services on demand and flexibly. References Battou, A., Baz, O., Mammass, D. (2017). Toward a Framework for Designing Adaptive Educational Hypermedia System Based on Agile Learning Design Approach. InEurope and MENA Cooperation Advances in Information and Communication Technologies(pp. 113-123). Springer International Publishing. Biggs, J. B., Collis, K. F. (2014).Evaluating the quality of learning: The SOLO taxonomy (Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome). Academic Press. Economou, D., Doumanis, I., Pedersen, F. S., Kathrani, P., Mentzelopoulos, M., Bouki, V., Georgalas, N. (2016). Westminster Serious Games Platform (wmin-SGP) a tool for real-time authoring of roleplay simulations for learning.EAI Endorsed Transactions on Future Intelligent Educational Environments,16(6), e5. Elnaga, A., Imran, A. (2013). The effect of training on employee performance.European Journal of Business and Management,5(4), 137-147. Hamari, J., Sjklint, M., Ukkonen, A. (2016). The sharing economy: Why people participate in collaborative consumption.Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology,67(9), 2047-2059. Hodell, C. (2015).ISD from the ground up: A no-nonsense approach to instructional design. American Society for Training and Development. Jones, B. A. (2014). ADDIE Model (Instructional Design). Lee, D. H., Wu, X., Sun, L. (2013). Limited information-sharing strategy for taxi-customer searching problem in nonbooking taxi service.Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2333), 46-54. Levac, D., Clegg, S., Camden, C., Rivard, L. M., Missiuna, C. (2015). Knowledge Translation and Implementation Special Series. Best Practice Recommendations or the Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of Online Knowledge Translation Resources in Rehabilitation.Physical Therapy,95(4). Sung, S. Y., Choi, J. N. (2014). Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations.Journal of organizational behavior,35(3), 393-412. West, R. E., Thomas, R. A., Bodily, R., Wright, C., Borup, J. (2017). An analysis of instructional design and technology departments.Educational Technology Research and Development,65(4), 869-888. Wu, X., Zhi, Q. (2016). Impact of Shared Economy on Urban Sustainability: From the Perspective of Social, Economic, and Environmental Sustainability.Energy Procedia,104, 191-196.